Lucius Tarquinius Priscus, also known as Tarquin the Elder, was the fifth king of Rome and reigned from 616 to 579 BC. He was an Etruscan by birth, originally from Etruria (present-day Tuscany), but moved to Rome, where his intelligence and politeness won him the favor and, eventually, the daughter of King Ancus Marcius. Upon Marcius’ death, Tarquinius ascended the throne, becoming the first Etruscan King of Rome. During his rule, Tarquin the Elder made significant contributions to the establishment and growth of Rome. He implemented a series of public works projects, including the construction of the Circus Maximus, a massive chariot-racing stadium, and the Cloaca Maxima, one of the world’s earliest sewage systems. He also enlarged the Roman Senate by adding one hundred new members from the leading minor clans. Tarquinius Priscus was known for his military expeditions, particularly those undertaken against Rome’s neighbors, extending Roman territories and establishing Rome dominance. His remarkable reign came to a bloody end when he was assassinated by the sons of Ancus Marcius.
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